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ghaith Thu Apr 15, 2010 1:15 amLife
Born in the city of Latakia Governorate Qardahah to the family of the Alawite sect had been working the land. Completed his primary school in his village established by the French when introduced education to remote villages and was the first received formal education in his family, then moved to the city of Lattakia, where he completed his secondary education at the School of Shahid Gul Jamal won the certificate of the scientific section, but was unable to enter the Faculty of Medicine at the Jesuit University in Beirut as he had wished the deterioration of the physical and social conditions, so he joined the military academy in Homs in 1952 and then joined the Air Force Academy graduate to the rank of lieutenant, including a pilot in 1955 to participate after the championship games air and win.
He joined the Baath party in 1946 when he formed the first officially a branch in Lattakia. Student organizations is also interested in where he was Chief of the National Union of Students in the province of Latakia, then President of the Student Union in Syria.
After the fall of Adib Shishakli and the assassination of Colonel Adnan al-Maliki Anhsm conflict between the Syrian Social Nationalist Party and the Baath Party regional chairman for the Baathists, which allowed it to increase their activities and access privileges benefited is where selected to go to Egypt to be trained to lead the jet and then sent to the Soviet Union to receive additional training on night flying aircraft MiG 15 and MiG-17, which had been supplied by the Syrian Air Force.
Go to the unity between Syria and Egypt with a squadron of the night fighting the Syrian Air Force for service in Cairo and was then captain (according to some sources, a pilot). Did not accept with some of his Baath Party leadership's decision to dissolve the party in 1958 in response to conditions Abdel Nasser to achieve unity. And they form a secret organization in 1960 known as Military Commission (which is ruled Syria later) and had a prominent role in coups that have occurred in the early sixties.
VIII of the March Revolution
Main article: Revolution eighth of March
The Baath Party, with a number of parties in Syria to sign a document of secession in 1961, and subsequently arrested with several of his military commission in Egypt for 44 days, and were subsequently released and returned to Syria in an exchange with officers Egyptians had detained in Syria. And beyond after his return from the army for his rejection of the separation and referred to the civil service in one of the ministries.
After the Baath Party seizes power in a coup March 8, 1963 what became known as the revolution the eighth of March, returned to service by his friend and colleague in the Military Commission, Director of the Department officers then submitted Salah Jadid, a paper then in 1964 the rank of major to Major General at once, and was appointed commander of the Air Force and Air Defence. The Committee began its military to consolidate its influence with the task of expanding the network of supporters and party loyalists in the armed forces.
The Military Committee in February 23, 1966, led by Salah Jadid and attend him to the coup against the leadership of the Baath party, which included the time the party's founder Michel Aflaq and Rthys Republic Amin Al-Hafiz to give up after the Salah a new military rank to complete control of the Baath Party and the rule of Syria while it took was the Ministry of Defence. Movement corrective
Main article: reform movement
Hafez al-Assad during the corrective movement 1970
Differences began to emerge between him and good again after the defeat in the 1967 war, criticizing the new performance and Syria's Defence Ministry during the war and especially the decision to withdraw the army and the Declaration of the fall of Kenitra, however, the Zionist entity before it is actually in addition to the delayed non-concept of the Syrian Air Force in support of his Jordanian counterpart, resulting downloading of responsibility for the defeat. Exacerbated these differences with the heading of Salah Jadid to fight a long war with Israel, while the viewer is to perceive that the army was not qualified for such a war, especially after a wave of layoffs that followed a coup on 8 March 1963, which affected the officers, Sunnis and Shiites from non-Baathists.
And sealed to the differences reached its peak during the events of Black September in Jordan in 1970, Salah was sent to a new Syrian army to support the Palestinians, but declined to provide air cover for the army and caused the failure of his mission. As a result, the Salah Jadid to convene a meeting of the regional leadership of the Baath Party, which decided unanimously to remove him with Mustafa Tallas, Chief of Staff of the office. But he did not obey the resolution and, with the assistance of the pieces loyal to him in the army coup in November 16, 1970 known as the corrective movement Salah Jadid and the President Noureddine Atassi and imprisoned with many of his colleagues.
The receipt of government
Took office as prime minister and defense minister in November 21, 1970, and then Malbut got the powers of the President's February 22, 1971 to prove, on 12 March 1971 as President of the Syrian Arab Republic for seven years after a referendum to be the first President of the flyover in Syrian history. And then re-elected in referendums consecutive years 1978 and 1985, 1992 and 1999. And came to power supported by the army, and was welcomed by the masses onerous initially as a result of reforms undertaken by construction of the Syrian army and devastating victory in the war in October 1973. Engaged in violent conflict with the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood Movement, which announced disobedience and called for toppling the regime in the country became the conflict between the movement and order to the armed conflict after the movement, assassinations and wide at the political, scientific, religious and military. Václav Lion army to crush the insurrection by the Muslim Brotherhood Muslims, especially after the fall of the movement, however, the city of Hama, where the army entered the city and suppress any armed movement is strong and that killing civilians and bombing of houses and mosques, which became known as the massacre of Hama.
He joined actively in the civil war in Lebanon after Israel invaded Lebanon prohibitive for unrest larger, and applied a policy of no victor nor vanquished by keeping the balance of power between all Lebanese parties, however, that won a mandate from the Arab League in Taif conference to help the Lebanese parties reconciled control Lebanon. The Syrian army in 1976 of trying to resolve the battle between the forces of the Lebanese right and Fatah area of Tel Zaatar Palestinian but Syrian forces have bombed accidentally, was the response of the Syrian army and the withdrawal of lightning regarding the Lebanese Phalange, and bombed the back of Palestinian forces.
Internal and external
Hafez al-Assad in the October War
Internal structures of modern Syria from the premises of a new distinct and strong infrastructure and bridges and new suburbs were built more than one university in the custody of Tishreen University in Latakia, which was built in record time, and the work on women's liberation and equality, considering half of the society, and encouraged the sport and the athletes were during his bid for the Mediterranean Sea.
At the external level continued to refuse the Camp David accords that were signed between Anwar Sadat and Israel calling for a comprehensive solution to the Palestinian issue until the PLO signed the 1993 Oslo Convention on the individual which he considered treason. In 1998 have been several attempts to complete a peace agreement between Syria and Israel under the auspices of the American sponsor, but because of his insistence on full recovery of the Golan captured in the 1967 war prevented the completion of any agreement.
Continuing on the presidency of Syria until his death in June 10, 2000 after a two-day coma because of leukemia, which was suffering from years ago. His successor in the presidency after his son, Bashar al-Assad was the most appropriate in the Syrian street and stepper on its approach to foreign policy.
Hafez al-Assad family
غيث زيتون السابع خامسة
Born in the city of Latakia Governorate Qardahah to the family of the Alawite sect had been working the land. Completed his primary school in his village established by the French when introduced education to remote villages and was the first received formal education in his family, then moved to the city of Lattakia, where he completed his secondary education at the School of Shahid Gul Jamal won the certificate of the scientific section, but was unable to enter the Faculty of Medicine at the Jesuit University in Beirut as he had wished the deterioration of the physical and social conditions, so he joined the military academy in Homs in 1952 and then joined the Air Force Academy graduate to the rank of lieutenant, including a pilot in 1955 to participate after the championship games air and win.
He joined the Baath party in 1946 when he formed the first officially a branch in Lattakia. Student organizations is also interested in where he was Chief of the National Union of Students in the province of Latakia, then President of the Student Union in Syria.
After the fall of Adib Shishakli and the assassination of Colonel Adnan al-Maliki Anhsm conflict between the Syrian Social Nationalist Party and the Baath Party regional chairman for the Baathists, which allowed it to increase their activities and access privileges benefited is where selected to go to Egypt to be trained to lead the jet and then sent to the Soviet Union to receive additional training on night flying aircraft MiG 15 and MiG-17, which had been supplied by the Syrian Air Force.
Go to the unity between Syria and Egypt with a squadron of the night fighting the Syrian Air Force for service in Cairo and was then captain (according to some sources, a pilot). Did not accept with some of his Baath Party leadership's decision to dissolve the party in 1958 in response to conditions Abdel Nasser to achieve unity. And they form a secret organization in 1960 known as Military Commission (which is ruled Syria later) and had a prominent role in coups that have occurred in the early sixties.
VIII of the March Revolution
Main article: Revolution eighth of March
The Baath Party, with a number of parties in Syria to sign a document of secession in 1961, and subsequently arrested with several of his military commission in Egypt for 44 days, and were subsequently released and returned to Syria in an exchange with officers Egyptians had detained in Syria. And beyond after his return from the army for his rejection of the separation and referred to the civil service in one of the ministries.
After the Baath Party seizes power in a coup March 8, 1963 what became known as the revolution the eighth of March, returned to service by his friend and colleague in the Military Commission, Director of the Department officers then submitted Salah Jadid, a paper then in 1964 the rank of major to Major General at once, and was appointed commander of the Air Force and Air Defence. The Committee began its military to consolidate its influence with the task of expanding the network of supporters and party loyalists in the armed forces.
The Military Committee in February 23, 1966, led by Salah Jadid and attend him to the coup against the leadership of the Baath party, which included the time the party's founder Michel Aflaq and Rthys Republic Amin Al-Hafiz to give up after the Salah a new military rank to complete control of the Baath Party and the rule of Syria while it took was the Ministry of Defence. Movement corrective
Main article: reform movement
Hafez al-Assad during the corrective movement 1970
Differences began to emerge between him and good again after the defeat in the 1967 war, criticizing the new performance and Syria's Defence Ministry during the war and especially the decision to withdraw the army and the Declaration of the fall of Kenitra, however, the Zionist entity before it is actually in addition to the delayed non-concept of the Syrian Air Force in support of his Jordanian counterpart, resulting downloading of responsibility for the defeat. Exacerbated these differences with the heading of Salah Jadid to fight a long war with Israel, while the viewer is to perceive that the army was not qualified for such a war, especially after a wave of layoffs that followed a coup on 8 March 1963, which affected the officers, Sunnis and Shiites from non-Baathists.
And sealed to the differences reached its peak during the events of Black September in Jordan in 1970, Salah was sent to a new Syrian army to support the Palestinians, but declined to provide air cover for the army and caused the failure of his mission. As a result, the Salah Jadid to convene a meeting of the regional leadership of the Baath Party, which decided unanimously to remove him with Mustafa Tallas, Chief of Staff of the office. But he did not obey the resolution and, with the assistance of the pieces loyal to him in the army coup in November 16, 1970 known as the corrective movement Salah Jadid and the President Noureddine Atassi and imprisoned with many of his colleagues.
The receipt of government
Took office as prime minister and defense minister in November 21, 1970, and then Malbut got the powers of the President's February 22, 1971 to prove, on 12 March 1971 as President of the Syrian Arab Republic for seven years after a referendum to be the first President of the flyover in Syrian history. And then re-elected in referendums consecutive years 1978 and 1985, 1992 and 1999. And came to power supported by the army, and was welcomed by the masses onerous initially as a result of reforms undertaken by construction of the Syrian army and devastating victory in the war in October 1973. Engaged in violent conflict with the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood Movement, which announced disobedience and called for toppling the regime in the country became the conflict between the movement and order to the armed conflict after the movement, assassinations and wide at the political, scientific, religious and military. Václav Lion army to crush the insurrection by the Muslim Brotherhood Muslims, especially after the fall of the movement, however, the city of Hama, where the army entered the city and suppress any armed movement is strong and that killing civilians and bombing of houses and mosques, which became known as the massacre of Hama.
He joined actively in the civil war in Lebanon after Israel invaded Lebanon prohibitive for unrest larger, and applied a policy of no victor nor vanquished by keeping the balance of power between all Lebanese parties, however, that won a mandate from the Arab League in Taif conference to help the Lebanese parties reconciled control Lebanon. The Syrian army in 1976 of trying to resolve the battle between the forces of the Lebanese right and Fatah area of Tel Zaatar Palestinian but Syrian forces have bombed accidentally, was the response of the Syrian army and the withdrawal of lightning regarding the Lebanese Phalange, and bombed the back of Palestinian forces.
Internal and external
Hafez al-Assad in the October War
Internal structures of modern Syria from the premises of a new distinct and strong infrastructure and bridges and new suburbs were built more than one university in the custody of Tishreen University in Latakia, which was built in record time, and the work on women's liberation and equality, considering half of the society, and encouraged the sport and the athletes were during his bid for the Mediterranean Sea.
At the external level continued to refuse the Camp David accords that were signed between Anwar Sadat and Israel calling for a comprehensive solution to the Palestinian issue until the PLO signed the 1993 Oslo Convention on the individual which he considered treason. In 1998 have been several attempts to complete a peace agreement between Syria and Israel under the auspices of the American sponsor, but because of his insistence on full recovery of the Golan captured in the 1967 war prevented the completion of any agreement.
Continuing on the presidency of Syria until his death in June 10, 2000 after a two-day coma because of leukemia, which was suffering from years ago. His successor in the presidency after his son, Bashar al-Assad was the most appropriate in the Syrian street and stepper on its approach to foreign policy.
Hafez al-Assad family
غيث زيتون السابع خامسة
